In New Jersey, public education is shaped not only by state standards and funding formulas, but by local context — especially the economic and demographic makeup of each district. This report compares two distinct groups of school districts: seven suburban districts serving some of the state’s wealthiest communities, and seven city districts serving some of its most economically disadvantaged. While all operate under the same statewide mandates, the student experience — and the outcomes that follow — can differ significantly.

Using publicly available data from the New Jersey Department of Education and the U.S. Census Bureau, this analysis explores trends in academic performance, student demographics, special education placement, staffing, and spending.

The goal is not to rank districts, but to surface structural patterns that shape equity and opportunity in New Jersey’s public schools — and to support a deeper, more informed conversation about how we define fairness in education.

A Tale of Two Systems: Comparing City and Suburban School Districts in New Jersey

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